JP PHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION PDF DOWNLOAD

 JP PHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION PDF DOWNLOAD

About Book:

JAYPEE is a book of physiology studied in 1st and 2nd-year MBBS & BDS. 

Writer: K. SEMBULINGAM & PREMA SEMBULINGAM

PAGES: 1113

EDITION: 8TH

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I have studied this book in 2ND-year MBBS. The writing of the book is very easy and simple. Clear concepts and is brief about the topics. Thanks for reading my blog.

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

Important Properties:

HIV is an RNA retrovirus. It consists of two identical molecules of single-stranded positive polarity RNA and is said to be diploid. There are two types of this virus:

HIV1

HIV2

Both these cause AIDS but HIV1 is found worldwide whereas HIV2 is found in WEST AFRICA.

ENZYMES IN HIV:

1:REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE

2:INTEGRASE

3:PROTEASE

REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE:

It is RNA dependent DNA polymerase only present in retroviruses. This enzyme transcribes the RNA into DNA.

INTEGRASE:

It mediates the integration of the viral DNA into the host cell DNA.

PROTEASE:

It cleaves the precursor polyproteins into the functional viral polypeptides.

REPLICATIVE CYCLE:

As it is retrovirus after entry into the cell by binding to the CD4 protein on the cell surface it fuses with the cell membrane and its RNA and reverse transcriptase enters the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm reverse transcriptase transcribes the viral RNA into double-stranded DNA, which migrates into the nucleus, where it integrates into the host cell DNA. Viral mRNA is formed from the DNA by hist cell RNA polymerase.

PATHOGENESIS:

HIV infects the helper T cells and kills them resulting in suppression of the cell-mediated immunity. HIV also infects brain monocytes and macrophages.

DISEASE:

HIV1 and HIV2 both cause Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

CLINICAL FINDINGS:

In the acute stage which usually begins 2 to 4 weeks after infection fever, lethargy, sore throat and lymphadenopathy occur.

In the middle stage of HIV infection, a long latent period that lasts for 7 to 11 years the patient is asymptomatic. A syndrome called AIDS-related complex can occur during the latent period characterised by fever, fatigue, weight loss.

 

The late stage of HIV infection is AIDS characterised by a decrease in CD4 cells below to 200/miroliter.

TRANSMISSION:

It is transmitted through sexual contact and by transfer of infected blood.

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS:

The early diagnosis of both HIV1 & HIV2 infection is made by using ELISA that detect antibodies.

PCR can also be done to detect the amount of viral RNA in the plasma.

TREATMENT:

Treatment involves antiretroviral drugs.

1:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

2:Protease Inhibitors

3:Entry Inhibitors

4:Integrase Inhibitors

PREVENTION:

No vaccine is available.

Use Condoms during sex

Not sharing needles

Discard blood contaminated with HIV

WHAT IS CORONA VIRUS? (COVID-19)

Important Properties: 

It is a respiratory virus. It is nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus. There are two serotypes. SARS & MARS. The receptor for sars coronavirus on the surface of the cell is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2.

Disease:

Coronavirus is an important cause of common cold, atypical pneumonia called severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) & typical pneumonia called middle east respiratory syndrome(MERS).

REPLICATION:

After entry into the cell coronavirus uncoats and its replication occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

TRANSMISSION:

Transmission occurs through the respiratory passageway from humans to humans.

RESERVOIR:

The natural source of SARS coronavirus is bat and civet cat serving as an intermediate host. The natural source of MERS coronavirus is the camel.

PATHOGENESIS:

Coronavirus infects the mucosal cells of the respiratory tract. 50% of infections are asymptomatic. Pneumonia caused by SARS causes oedema resulting in hypoxia. The binding of the SARS to the ACE2 receptor on the surface cells of the respiratory tract causes fluid imbalance and oedema in the alveolar space.

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS:

PCR based test detects coronavirus RNA in blood. An antibody test detects the antibodies.

OUTBREAKS:

SARS Coronavirus originated in china in November 2002. MERS Coronavirus originated in SAUDI ARABIA in 2012.

PANDEMIC: 

In 2019 the pandemic of coronavirus started from CHINA. It spread through the world affecting millions of people all over the world. More than 10 million people in the world are affected by this coronavirus and more than 4 LAC people died. Still the pandemic of coronavirus is not over yet. 

TREATMENT:

There is no antiviral therapy. Many countries are trying to make the vaccine for coronavirus to end the pandemic. The vaccine is under the trial basis and will be available at the end of 2020 or beginning of 2021. Plasma therapy is also on a trial basis but it works.

PREVENTION:

Wash your hands properly

Use masks

Use hand sanitizer

Stay at home 

AT THE END SALUTE TO ALL THE COVID 19 WARRIORS.

Junqueira's Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 14th Edition PDF DOWNLOAD

 Junqueira's Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 14th Edition PDF DOWNLOAD

                                  DOWNLOAD PDF

ABOUT BOOK: 

Histology is a book for 1st and 2nd-year MBBS and 1st year BDS.

AUTHOR: ANTHONY L.MESCHER

PAGES: 573

This is the latest edition of this book. it contains high-quality diagrams that's why most popular in medical students.

You can easily remember the diagrams and can identify in the microscope by the help of this book. Try it to believe it. Thanks and best of luck guys.

Junqueira's Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 14th Edition PDF DOWNLOAD

Download Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology 23rd Edition PDF Free [Direct Link]

Download Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology 23rd Edition PDF Free [Direct Link]

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Download Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology 23rd Edition PDF Free [Direct Link]

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               Pages               727

               Size                 16.03MB

               LANGUAGE  ENGLISH

Download Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology 23rd Edition PDF Free [Direct Link]

Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13TH EDITION PDF FREE Download [Direct Link]

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CONTENTS:

Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13TH EDITION PDF FREE Download [Direct Link]

• UNIT I: Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”.
• UNIT II: Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
• UNIT III: The Heart
• UNIT IV: The Circulation
• UNIT V: The Body Fluids and Kidneys
• UNIT VI: Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation
• UNIT VII: Respiration
• UNIT VIII: Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology
• UNIT IX: The Nervous System: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology
• UNIT X: The Nervous System: B. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology
• UNIT XI: The Gastrointestinal Physiology
• UNIT XII: Metabolism and Temperature Regulation
• UNIT XIII: Endocrinology and Reproduction
• UNIT XIV: Sports Physiology

ABOUT BOOK:

• Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13TH EDITION PDF FREE Download [Direct Link]
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• PAGES:1,112
• SIZE: 54.14 MB

Levinson Microbiology & Immunology 15th Edition Pdf Free Download

                                              

                                                                                                                DOWNLOAD

CONTENTS:

Levinson Microbiology & Immunology 15th Edition Pdf Free Download

• Part I: Basic Bacteriology
• Part II: Clinical Bacteriology
• Part III: Basic Virology
• Part IV: Clinical Virology
• Part V: Mycology
• Part VI: Parasitology
• Part VII: Immunology
• Part VIII: Ectoparasites
• Part IX: Infectious Diseases
• Part X: Brief Summaries of Medically Important Organisms
• Part XI: Clinical Cases
• Part XII: Pearls For The USMLE
• Part XIII: USMLE (National Board) Practice Questions
• Part XIV: USMLE (National Board) Practice Examination

About Authors:

Senior Author

 

Warren Levinson, MD, PhD

Professor of Microbiology

Department of Microbiology & Immunology

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California

 

Authors

 

Peter Chin-Hong, MD

Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Infectious Diseases

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California

 

Elizabeth Joyce, PhD

Associate Professor of Microbiology

Department of Microbiology & Immunology

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California

 

Jesse Nussbaum, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Infectious Diseases

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California

 

Brian Schwartz, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Infectious Diseases

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California

ABOUT BOOK:

Levinson Microbiology & Immunology 15th Edition Pdf Free DownloadEdition 15th

Pages 820

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Levinson Microbiology & Immunology 15th Edition Pdf Free Download

My Review:

             I have studied Levinson Microbiology in my 3rd-year MBBS. It is the best book for IMMUNOLOGY and MICROBIOLOGY. I suggest this book for 3rd-year MBBS.

Snell’s Clinical Neuroanatomy 8th Edition PDF Free Download [Direct Link]

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About Book

Snell’s Clinical Neuroanatomy 8th Edition PDF Free Download [Direct Link]

• 560 Pages
• File Size: 286 MBs
• English Language
• 
  
• 
  
• Table of Contents

Snell’s Clinical Neuroanatomy 8th Edition PDF Free Download [Direct Link]

Listed below are all the chapters and sections in the Snell’s Clinical Neuroanatomy 8th edition pdf.

• CHAPTER 1 Introduction and Organization of the Nervous System
• CHAPTER 2 The Neurobiology of the Neuron and the Neuroglia
• CHAPTER 3 Nerve Fibers, Peripheral Nerves, Receptor and Effector Endings, Dermatomes, and Muscle Activity
• CHAPTER 4 The Spinal Cord and the Ascending and Descending Tracts
• CHAPTER 5 The Brainstem
• CHAPTER 6 The Cerebellum and Its Connections
• CHAPTER 7 The Cerebrum
• CHAPTER 8 The Structure and Functional Localization of the Cerebral Cortex
• CHAPTER 9 The Reticular Formation and the Limbic System
• CHAPTER 10 The Basal Nuclei (Basal Ganglia) and Their Connections
• CHAPTER 11 The Cranial Nerve Nuclei and Their Central Connections and Distribution
• CHAPTER 12 The Thalamus and Its Connections
• CHAPTER 13 The Hypothalamus and Its Connections
• CHAPTER 14 The Autonomic Nervous System
• CHAPTER 15 The Meninges of the Brain and Spinal Cord
• CHAPTER 16 The Ventricular System, the Cerebrospinal Fluid, and the Blood-Brain and Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barriers
• CHAPTER 17 The Blood Supply of the Brain and Spinal Cord
• CHAPTER 18 The Development of the Nervous System
• APPENDIX

REVIEW:

Snell’s Clinical Neuroanatomy 8th Edition PDF Free Download [Direct Link]

            When I was in 2nd-year MBBS I studied SNELLS for Neuroanatomy. I think it is the best book for Neuroanatomy because it also contains diagrams for every section. There is always a question about to draw a diagram in final PROFF.

MDCAT (MCAT) Past Paper 2008-2017 with Answer Key in PDF

Here are PAST PAPERS of MDCAT UHS with answers.

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MDCAT (MCAT) Past Paper 2008-2017 with Answer Key in PDF

I am here to guide you all about entry test 2020. Just focus on your studies INSHA ALLAH you will get admission in Medical College. Some of you would be worried about this test but remember it depends on your hard work. Keep working hard to be a doctor.

Download pdf LIPPINCOTT ILLUSTRATED REVIEWS: BIOCHEMISTRY 7TH EDITION

Download pdf LIPPINCOTT ILLUSTRATED REVIEWS: BIOCHEMISTRY 7TH EDITION 2017

Book Name: Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 7th Edition 2017
Author: Ferrier, Denise R.
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN-10: 9781496344496
Year: 2017
Pages: 560
Language: English
File size: 192.44 MB
File format: PDF

 

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                      https://b-ok.asia/book/3632727/9fac0e?regionChanged

This is the latest edition of Lippincott Biochemistry. Its gold-standard book for students.

UNIT I: Protein Structure and Function

• • 1: Amino Acids
  • 2: Protein Structure
  • 3: Globular Proteins
  • 4: Fibrous Proteins
  • 5: Enzymes
• UNIT II: Bioenergetics and Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • 6: Bioenergetics and Oxidative Phosphorylation
  • 7: Introduction to Carbohydrates
  • 8: Introduction to Metabolism and Glycolysis
  • 9: Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
  • 10: Gluconeogenesis
  • 11: Glycogen Metabolism
  • 12: Monosaccharide and Disaccharide Metabolism
  • 13: Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
  • 14: Glycosaminoglycans, Proteoglycans, and Glycoproteins
• UNIT III: Lipid Metabolism
  • 15: Dietary Lipid Metabolism
  • 16: Fatty Acid, Triacylglycerol, and Ketone Body Metabolism
  • 17: Phospholipid, Glycosphingolipid, and Eicosanoid Metabolism
  • 18: Cholesterol, Lipoprotein, and Steroid Metabolism
• UNIT IV: Nitrogen Metabolism
  • 19: Amino Acids: Nitrogen Disposal
  • 20: Amino Acids: Degradation and Synthesis
  • 21: Amino Acids: Conversion to Specialized Products
  • 22: Nucleotide Metabolism
• UNIT V: Integration of Metabolism
  • 23: Metabolic Effects of Insulin and Glucagon
  • 24: The Feed–Fast Cycle
  • 25: Diabetes Mellitus
  • 26: Obesity
• UNIT VI: Medical Nutrition
  • 27: Nutrition: Overview and Macronutrients
  • 28: Micronutrients: Vitamins
  • 29: Micronutrients: Minerals
• UNIT VII: Storage and Expression of Genetic Information
  • 30: DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair
  • 31: RNA Structure, Synthesis, and Processing
  • 32: Protein Synthesis
  • 33: Regulation of Gene Expression
  • 34: Biotechnology and Human Disease
  • 35: Blood Clotting
  • Hope you guys will like this effort stay tuned for more books. Thanks.