Escitalopram – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Introduction

*Escitalopram* is a commonly prescribed *antidepressant* belonging to the *Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)* class. It’s widely used for managing *major depressive disorder (MDD)*, *generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)*, and *panic disorder*. Known for its effectiveness and low side effect profile, Escitalopram is often chosen as a first-line treatment in mood disorders.

Brand Names

Popular brand names of Escitalopram include:

- Lexapro

- Cipralex

- Espran

- Escitlo

- Zetalo

Mechanism of Action

Escitalopram increases the level of *serotonin*, a mood-stabilizing neurotransmitter, in the brain by *blocking its reuptake* into nerve cells. This improves mood, reduces anxiety, and stabilizes emotional states.

Indications / Uses

Escitalopram is used to treat:

- *Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)*

- *Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)*

- *Panic Disorder*

- *Social Anxiety Disorder*

- *Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)* *(off-label)*

Dosage & Administration

- *Starting dose (adults):* 10 mg once daily  

- *Maximum dose:* 20 mg/day  

- Best taken at the *same time each day*, with or without food.

Side Effects

*Common:*

- Nausea  

- Headache  

- Insomnia  

- Dry mouth  

- Fatigue  

*Less common but serious:*

- Suicidal thoughts (especially in young adults)  

- Sexual dysfunction  

- Serotonin syndrome (if combined with other serotonergic drugs)  

- QT interval prolongation (rare)

Precautions

- Avoid use with *MAO inhibitors*  

- Use cautiously in *pregnancy or breastfeeding*  

- Taper gradually when discontinuing to avoid withdrawal symptoms  

- May take *2–4 weeks* for full effect

Conclusion

*Escitalopram* is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated antidepressant that significantly improves quality of life for patients with depression and anxiety. With proper medical guidance, it offers long-term relief and mental well-being.